@article{Scranton2016,
  author   = {Scranton, Melissa A. and Ostrand, Joseph T. and Georgianna, D. Ryan and
    Lofgren, Shane M. and Li, Daphne and Ellis, Rosalie C. and Carruthers, David N.
    and Dr\"ager, Andreas and Masica, David L. and Mayfield, Stephen P.},
  title    = {{Synthetic promoters capable of driving robust nuclear gene expression in
    the green alga \emph{Chlamydomonas reinhardtii}}},
  journal  = {Algal Research},
  year     = {2016},
  volume   = {15},
  pages    = {135--145},
  month    = feb,
  abstract = {Algae have enormous potential as bio-factories for the efficient production
    of a wide array of high-value products, and eventually as a source of renewable
    biofuels. However, tools for engineering the nuclear genomes of algae remain scarce
    and limited in functionality. In this study, synthetic algal promoters (saps) were
    generated as a tool for increasing nuclear gene expression and as a model for
    understanding promoter elements and structure in green algae. Promoters were generated
    to mimic native cis-motif elements, structure, and overall nucleotide composition of
    top expressing genes from \emph{Chlamydomonas reinhardtii}. Twenty five saps were used
    to drive expression of a fluorescent reporter in transgenic algae. A majority of the
    promoters were functional \emph{in vivo} and seven were identified to drive expression
    of the fluorescent reporter better than the current best endogenous promoter in
    \emph{C. reinhardtii}, the chimeric hsp70/rbs2 promoter. Further analysis of the best
    synthetic promoter, sap11, revealed a new DNA motif essential for promoter function
    that is widespread and highly conserved in \emph{C. reinhardtii}. These data demonstrate
    the utility of synthetic promoters to drive gene expression in green algae, and lays
    the groundwork for the development of a suite of saps capable of driving the robust
    and complex gene expression that will be required for algae to reach their potential
    as an industrial platform for photosynthetic bio-manufacturing.},
  doi      = {10.1016/j.algal.2016.02.011},
  url      = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211926416300443?via%3Dihub},
  pdf      = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211926416300443/pdfft?md5=a0e0ddab3712c8312e0504b9b98e094f&pid=1-s2.0-S2211926416300443-main.pdf},
  keywords = {Algal engineering, C. reinhardtii, Synthetic biology, Nuclear promoters,
    Cis-motifs, Flow cytometry},
}