Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) is a label-free technique to completely determine the thermodynamics (binding affinity (KD), stoichiometry (n), enthalpy (ΔH) and entropy (ΔS)) of any biomolecule interactions. It involves the titration of an analyte into a solution containing the appropriate ligand. Heat is liberated or absorbed as a result of redistribution of noncovalent bonds, for example, when the interacting molecules convert from the free to the bound state. The microcalorimeter measures the resulting heat exchange that occur when two substances interact as a function of analyte concentration.

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