Prof. Dr. Friedrich Hermanni, apl. Prof. Dr. Friedrike Schick, Christian Steiner, M.A.
August 2010 - Juli 2015
Eine zentrale Frage der Religionstheologie besteht darin, wie sich die Pluralität der Religionen zum Wahrheitsanspruch von Religion verhält: Ist es genau eine Religion, die als Einlösung des religiösen Wahrheitsanspruchs zu gelten hat (Exklusivismus), ist es keine (Naturalismus), ist es mehr als eine – und wenn dieses, gelten dann alle gleichermaßen (Pluralismus) oder eine in besonderem Maße (Inklusivismus)? Gemessen an dieser Einteilung religionstheologischer Modelle vertreten Hegel, Schleiermacher und Schelling auf je unterschiedliche Weise einen Inklusivismus. Dieser Inklusivismus ist im Unterschied zu inklusivistischen Konzeptionen älterer und neuerer Zeit freilich kein dogmatischer, der die Wahrheit der eigenen Religion bloß voraussetzt, die anderen Religionen nach der Nähe zur eigenen bemisst und der deshalb von anderen Religionen mit gleichem dogmatischem Recht zurückgewiesen werden kann. Vielmehr handelt es sich um einen kritischen Inklusivismus, weil er alle Religionen danach bewertet, in welchem Maße sie dem Begriff der Religion gerecht werden, der ihnen zugrunde liegt. Ziel des Projektes ist es, die drei Versionen, in denen der kritische Inklusivismus bei Hegel, Schleiermacher und Schelling vertreten wird, zu rekonstruieren, zu vergleichen und kritisch zu würdigen. (In einem späteren Projekt sollen die drei klassischen Religionstheorien mit der religionstheologischen Gegenwartsdebatte in eine fruchtbare Beziehung gebracht werden, um zur Vertiefung dieser Debatte beizutragen.)
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