Warum sind manche Tierarten sozial, während andere es nicht sind? Wie kommunizieren Tiere miteinander, und welche Informationen werden dabei übermittelt? Diese Fragen beschäftigen meine Forschung, die an der Schnittstelle von Ökologie, Verhalten und Neurobiologie liegt. Mich interessiert besonders, wie diese Disziplinen kombiniert werden können, um die Entwicklung und Funktion sozialer Verhaltensweisen und Kommunikation bei Tieren zu verstehen.
Elektrische Fische bieten eine einzigartige Möglichkeit, diese Phänomene zu untersuchen, da ihre Interaktionen über elektrische Signale beobachtet werden können. Wir entwerfen und nutzen Elektroden-Gitter und dazugehörige Analyse-Software, um elektrische Fische in ihrem natürlichen Lebensraum aufzunehmen. Diese Technologie ist nicht invasiv und erfasst elektrische Kommunikationssignale und verfolgt Bewegungen, was eine detaillierte, quantitative Beobachtung von Verhalten in freier Wildbahn ermöglicht—eine Methode, die nur bei elektrischen Fischen angewendet werden kann.
Durch Datenanalysen und machine-learning-Methoden verarbeiten wir die großen Datensätze, die bei Feldaufnahmen generiert werden, um subtile Muster in der Kommunikation und im Bewegungsverhalten zu beobachten. Mein Ziel ist es, soziale Interaktionen bei Zitteraalen und anderen Arten in ihrem natürlichen Umfeld zu untersuchen, zu vergleichen und zu verstehen.
Durch die Kombination der Untersuchung von Kommunikationssignalen und Bewegungsmustern möchte ich zeigen, wie und warum Tiere bei der Partnerwahl, in Konkurrenzsituationen und bei der Nahrungssuche interagieren. Auf diese Weise können wir beginnen zu verstehen, wie Kommunikation komplexe soziale Verhaltensweisen bei Arten steuert, über die bisher nur sehr wenig bekannt ist und die kaum in freier Wildbahn beobachtet werden können.
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