In 2018, the Collective Health Institute of UFF and the Institute for General Practice and Interprofessional Care of UKT set a cross-national, cross-cultural investigation on Primary Care in five European countries (Germany, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Jersey), and Brazil. We will debate initial findings from the partnership of UKT and UFF regarding structural challenges to Primary Care in both countries in four streams: teaching, practice, researching, and racial inequalities.