This modul will discuss all question with a long‐term perspective. Some main relevant topics are:

• influence from development aid on successful growth of Less Developed Countries (LDCs)
• level of ‘colonial legacies’, e.g. the influence of colonialism on development hurdles in LDCs
• the impact of educational programs on poverty and growth
• the micro credit system
• the intercorrelation of economic development with political factors, e.g. the effects and causes of civil wars
• the degree of political participation on development, inequality, and poverty.