Journal Articles

Crouzet C., Appel E., El Bay R., Ding L., Dunkl I., Montomoi C., Carosi R., Zhang Q.H., Wauschkuhn B., 2012.: Kinematics of the crust around the Ama Drime massif (southern Tibet) – Constraints from paleomagnetic results. J. Asian Earth Sci.. doi: 10.1016/j.jseaes.2012.06.010

Zhang W.L., Appel E., Fang X.M., Song C.H., Cirpka O., 2012: Magnetostratigraphy of deep drilling core SG1 in the western Qaidam Basin (NE Tibetan Plateau) and its tectonic implications. Quaternary Research.78, 139-148. doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2012.03.011

Zhang W.L., Appel E., Fang X.M., Yan M.D. Song C.H., Cao L.W., 2012: Paleoclimatic implications of magnetic susceptibility in Late Pliocene-Quaternary sediments from deep drilling core SG-1 in the western Qaidam Basin (NE Tibetan Plateau). J. Geophys. Res..117, B06101, doi:10.1029/2011JB008949

Rijal M.L., Porsch K., Appel E., Kappler A., 2012: Delineation of hydrocarbon contamination in soils and sediments at the former oil-field Haenigsen, Northern Germany, using magnetic methods. Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica, 56, 889-908. doi: 10.1007/s11200-010-0040-8

Zhang Q.H., Willems H., Ding L., Gräfe K.-U., Appel E., 2012: Initial India-Asia collision and foreland basin evolution in the Tethyan Himalaya of Tibet: evidence from stratigraphy and paleontology. J. Geology, 120, 175-189. doi: 10.1086/663876

Yan H.T., Hu S.Y., Blaha U., Rösler W., Duan X.M, Appel E., 2011: Paddy soil - A suitable target for monitoring heavy metal pollution by magnetic proxies. J. Appl. Geophysics, 75, 211-219. doi: 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2011.07.015

Piepenbrock A., Dippon U., Porsch K., Appel E., Kappler A., 2011: Dependence of microbial magnetite formation on humic substance and ferrihydrite concentrations. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta., 75, 6844-6858. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2011.09.007

El Bay R., Appel E., Paudel L., Neumann U., Setzer F, 2011: Palaeomagnetic remanences in high-grade metamorphic rocks of the Everest region: indication for Late Miocene crustal doming. Geophys. J. Int., 186, 551-566. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05078.x

Ratschbacher L., Krumrei I., Blumenwitz M., Staiger M., Gloaguen R., Samson S.D., Edwards M.A., Appel E., 2011: Rifting and strike-slip shear in central Tibet and the geometry, age, and kinematics of upper crustal extension in Tibet. In: Gloaguen, R. & Ratschbacher, L. (eds). Growth and Collapse of the Tibetan Plateau. Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ., vol. 353, 127-163. doi: 10.1144/SP353.8

Dunkl I., Antolin A., Wemmer K., Rantitsch G., Kienast M., Montomoli C., Ding L., Carosi R., Appel E. El Bay R., Xu Q., von Eynatten H., 2011: Metamorphic evolution of the Tethyan Himalayan flysch in SE Tibet. In: Gloaguen, R. & Ratschbacher, L. (eds). Growth and Collapse of the Tibetan Plateau. Geol. Soc., London, Spec. Publ., 353, 45-69. doi:10.1144/SP353.4

Liebke U., Antolin B., Appel E., Basavaiah N., Mikes T., Dunkl I., Wemmer K., 2011: Indication for clockwise rotation in the Siang window south of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis and new geochronological constraints for the area. In: Gloaguen, R. & Ratschbacher, L. (eds). Growth and Collapse of the Tibetan Plateau. Geol. Soc., London, Spec. Publ., 353, 71-97. doi: 10.1144/SP353.5

Antolín B., Appel E., Montomoli C., Dunkl I., Ding L., Gloaguen R., Xu Q., El Bay R., 2011: Magnetic fabric and structural properties of the Triassic flysch in SE Tibet and constraints for the kinematic evolution of the eastern Tethyan Himalaya. In: Poblet, J. & Lisle, R. J. (eds). Kinematic Evolution and Structural Styles of Fold-and-Thrust Belts. Geol. Soc., London, Spec. Publ., 349, 99-122.

Najman Y., Appel E., Boudagher-Fadel M., Bown P., Carter A., Garzanti, E., Godin L., Han J.T., Liebke U., Oliver G., Parrish R., Vezzoli G., 2010: The timing of India-Asia collision: sedimentological, biostratigraphic and paleomagnetic constraints. J. Geophys. Res. 115(B12), B12416, doi:10.1029/2010JB007673

Liebke U., Appel E., Neumann U., Antolin B., Ding L., Xu Q., 2010: Position of the Lhasa terrane prior to India-Asia collision derived from palaeomagnetic inclinations of 53 Ma old dykes of the Linzhou Basin: constraints on the age of collision and post-collisional shortening within the Tibetan Plateau. Geophys. J. Int. 182/3, 1105-1031.

Antolín B., Appel E., Gloaguen R., Dunkl I., Ding L., Montomoli C., Liebke U., Xu Q., 2010: Paleomagnetic evidence for clockwise vertical-axis rotation and tilting around horizontal axis in SE Tibet: Implications for the Miocene tectonic evolution of the NE Himalaya. Tectonophysics 493, 172-186. doi: 10.1016/j.tecto.2010.07.015.

Porsch K., Dippon U., Rijal M.L., Appel E., Kappler A., 2010: Magnetic susceptibility measurements as a tool to follow geomicrobiological transformation of Fe minerals. Environmental Sci. Technology. doi:10.1021/es903954u

Basavaiah N., Appel E., Lakshmi B.V., Deenadayalan K., Satyanarayana K.V.V., Misra S., Juyal N., Malik M.A., 2010: Revised magnetostratigraphy and characterisitics of the fluvio-lacustrine sedimentation of the Kashmir basin, India, during Pliocene-Pleistocene. J. Geophys. Res., 115, B08105, 17pp, doi:10.1029/2009JB006858

Duan X.,2, u S., Yan H., Blaha U., Roesler W., Appel E., Sun W., 2009: Relationship between magnetic parameters and heavy element contents of arable soil around Meishan steel mill, Nanjing. Science in China, doi: 10.1007/s11430-009-0165-1 (print Vol.53 No.1: 1–8, 2010). English: No.3, 411-418 (2010).

Rijal M.L., Appel E., Petrovský E., Blaha U., 2009: Change of magnetic properties due to fluctuations of hydrocarbon contaminated groundwater in unconsolidated sediments. Environmental Pollution, doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2009.11.012

Waldhör M., Appel E., 2009: Layer parallelization: an unrecognized mechanism of tectonic rotation in fold belts. Tectonophysics. 474, 516–525. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2009.04.028

Gautam P., Blaha U., Appel E., 2008: Assessment of vehicular pollution in Kathmandu: magnetic properties and heavy metal chemistry of dust from streets and leav. J. Nepal Geol. Soc., 37, 67-76.

Blaha U., Sapkota B., Appel E., Stanjek H., 2008: Micro-scale grain-size analysis and magnetic properties of coal-fired power plant fly ash and its relevance for environmental magnetic pollution studies. Atmospheric Environment. 42(36), 8359-8370.

Hu S., Duan X., Shen M., Blaha U., Rösler W., Yan H., Appel E., Hoffmann V., 2008: Magnetic response to atmospheric heavy metal pollution recorded by dust-loaded leaves in Shougang industrial area, western Beijing. Chinese Sci. Bull. 53(10), 1555-1564.

Blaha U., Appel E., Stanjek H., 2008: Determination of anthropogenic boundary depth in soil profiles and semi-quantification of heavy metal loads using magnetic susceptibility. Environmental Pollution 156(2), 278-289.

Crouzet C., Dunkl I., Paudel L., Árkai P., Rainer T.M., Balogh K., Appel E., 2007: Temperature and age constraints on the metamorphism of Tethyan Himalaya in Central Nepal: a multidisciplinary approach. J. Asian Earth Sci. 30, 113-130.

Hu S., Goddu S.R., Appel E., Verosub K., Yang X., Wang S., 2007: Fine-tuning of age integrating magnetostratigraphy, radiocarbon dating and carbonate cyclicity: example of lacustrine sediments from Heqing basin (Yunnan, China) covering the past 1 Myr. J. Asian Earth Sci. 30, 423-432.

Becht A., Bürger C., Kostic B., Appel E., Dietrich P, 2007.: Hydraulic property estimation with cross-hole seismic tomography in gravel aquifers: evaluation of resolution effects. J. Hydrology. 336, 171-185.

Goddu S.R., Appel E., Gautam P., Oches R., Wehland F., 2007: The lacustrine section at Lukundol, Kathmandu Basin, Nepal: Dating and magnetic fabric aspects. J. Asian Earth Sci., 30(1), 73-81.

Fialova H., Maier G., Petrovsky E., Kapicka A., Boyko T., Scholger R., MAGPROX Team (Appel E. is a member), 2006: Magnetic properties of soils from sites with different geological and environmental settings. J. Appl. Geophys. 59, 273-283.

Becht A., Appel E., Dietrich P.: Analysis of multi-offset GPR data, 2006: a case study in a coarse-grained gravel aquifer. Near Surface Geophysics. 4 (4), 227-240.

Yan H., Hu S., Appel E., Hoffmann V., Zhu Y., 2006: The magnetic response towards the vertical migration of burned coal ash in soil profile. Chinese J. Geophys., 48(6), 1462-1469.

Waldhör M., Appel E., 2006: Intersections of remanence small circles: new tools to improve data processing and interpretation in palaeomagnetism. Geophys. J. Int., 166, 33-45.

Magiera T., Stzyszcz, Kapicka A., Petrovsky E., MAGPROX-Team (Appel E. is a member), 2006: Discrimination of lithogenic and anthropogenic influences on topsoil magnetic susceptibility in Europe. Geoderma,130, 299-311.

Knab M., Hoffmann V., Petrovský E., Kapicka A., Jordanova N., Appel E., 2006: Surveying the anthropogenic impact of the Moldau river sediments and nearby soils using magnetic susceptibility. Environm. Geol. 49, 527-535.

Spiteri C., Kalinski V., Rösler W., Hoffmann V., Appel E. and MAGPROX-Team, 2005: Magnetic screening of a pollution hotspot in the Lausitz area, eastern Germany: correlation analysis between magnetic proxies and heavy metal pollution. Environm. Geol., 49, 1-9.

Wehland F., Stancu A., Rochette P., Dekkers M., Appel E., 2005: Experimental evaluation of magnetic interaction in pyrrhotite bearing samples. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 153(4), 181-190.

Gautam P., Blaha U., Appel E., 2005: Integration of magnetism and heavy metal chemistry of soils to quantify the environmental pollution in Kathmandu, Nepal. Island Arc, 14, 424-435.

Wang Y., Hu S., Zhu Y., Yin Y., Zhou W., Appel E., Hoffmann V., 2005: The lacustrine sedimentary records of coal-burning atmospheric pollution. Science in China, D48(10), 1740-1746.

Wehland F., Eibl O., Braun S., Alt-Epping U., Appel E., 2005: Pyrrhotite pTRM acquisition in metamorphic limestones in the light of microscopic observations. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 151, 107-114.

Wehland F., Leonhardt R., Vadeboin F., Appel E., 2005: Magnetic interaction analysis of basaltic samples and pre-selection for absolute paleointensity measurements. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 162, 1-6.

Gautam P., Blaha U., Appel E., 2005: Magnetic susceptibility of dust loaded leaves as a proxy of traffic related heavy metal pollution in Kathmandu city, Nepal. Atmosph. Environm., 39, 2201-2211.

Pant R.K., Basavaiah N., Juyal N., Saini N.K., Yadava M.G., Appel E., Singhvi A.K., 2005: A 20 ka climate record from central Himalayan loess deposits. Journal Quart. Sci., 20(5), 485-492.

Hu S., Goddu, S.R., Appel E., Verosub K., Yang X., Wang S., 2005: Palaeoclimatic changes over the past one million years derived from lacustrine sediments of Heqing basin (Yunnan, China). In A. Prokopenko, N. Catto (edts.): Paleolimnological records from Asian lacustrine systems: archives of large scale seasonal atmospheric circulation changes in the northern hemisphere. Quarternary Int. 136(1), 123-129.

Wehland F., Alt-Epping U., Braun S., Appel E., 2005: Quality of pTRM acquisition in pyrrhotite bearing contact-metamorphic limestones: Possibility of a continuous record of Earth magnetic field variations. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 148, 157-173.

Schill E., Appel E., Crouzet C., Gautam P., Wehland F., Staiger M., 2004: Oroclinal bending versus regional significant clockwise rotations in the Himalayan arc – constraints from secondary pyrrhotite remanences. In: Sussman A.J. and Weil A.B., Orogenic curvature: Integrating paleomagnetic and structural analyes. Geol. Soc. Am. Special Paper 383, 73-85.

Goddu S.R., Appel E., Jordanova D., Wehland F., 2004: Magnetic properties of road dust from Visakhapatnam (India) – relationship to industrial pollution and road traffic. Phys. Chem. Earth., 29, 985-995.

Gautam P., Blaha U., Appel E., Neupane G., 2004: Environmental magnetic approach towards the quantification of pollution in Kathmandu urban area, Nepal. Phys. Chem. Earth, 29, 973-984.

Becht A., Tronicke J., Appel E., Dietrich P., 2004: Inversion strategy in crosshole radar tomography using information of data subsets. Geophysics, 69 (1), 222-230.

Schill E., Appel E., Godin L., Crouzet C., Gautam P., Regmi K.R., 2003: Record of deformations by secondary magnetic remanences and magnetic anisotropy in the Nar/Phu valley (central Nepal). Tectonophysics, 377(1-2), 197-209.

Crouzet C., Gautam P., Schill E., Appel E., 2003: Multicomponent magnetization in Western Dolpo (Tethyan Himalaya, Nepal): implications for tectonic motions. Tectonophysics, 377(1-2), 179-196.

Hu S., Wang Y., Appel E., Zhu Y., Hoffmann V., Shi C., Yu Y. 2003: Magnetic responses to acidification in Lake Yangzonghai, SW China. Phys. Chem. Earth., 28, 711-717

Phartiyal B., Appel E., Blaha U., Hoffmann V., Kotlia B.S., 2003: Palaeoclimatic significance of magnetic properties from Late Quarternary lacustrine sediments at Pithoragarh, Kumaun Lesser Himalaya, India. J. Quarternary Int., 108/1, 51-62.

Wehland F., Panaiotu C., Appel E., Hoffmann V., Jordanova D., Jordanova N., 2003: The dam breakage of Baia Mare – a pilot study of magnetic screening. Phys. Chem. Earth, 27, 1371-1376.

Diallo M.S., Prasad M., Appel E., 2002: Comparison between experimental results and theoretical predictions for P-wave velocity and attenuation at ultrsonic frequency. Wave Motion, 37(1), 1-16.

Hu S., Stephenson A., Appel E., 2002: A study of gyroremanent magnetisation (GRM) and rotational remanence magnetisation (RRM) carried by greigite from lake sediments. Geophys. J. Int., 151, 468-474.

Schill E., Crouzet C., Gautam P., Singh V.K., Appel E., 2002: Where did rotational shortening occur in the Himalayas? – Inferences from palaeomagnetic analyses of remagnetisations. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 203(1), 45-57.

Tronicke J., Dietrich P., Wahlig U., Appel E., 2002: Integrating GPR and crosshole radar tomography: a validation experiment in braided river stream deposits. Geophysics., 67(5), 1516-1523.

Hu S., Deng C., Appel E., Verosub K., 2002: Environmental magnetic studies of lacustrine sediments. Chinese Science Bulletin, 47(7), 613-616.

Hu S., Appel E., Hoffmann V., Schmahl W., 2002: Identification of greigite in lake sediments and its magnetic significance. Science in China., D45(1), 81-87.

Schibler L., Boyko T., Ferdy M., Höll S., Jordanova N., Rösler W., MAGPROX-Team (Appel E. is a member of…), 2002: Topsoil magnetic susceptibility mapping: data reproducibility and compatibility, measurement strategy. Stud. Geophys. Geod., 46, 43-57.

Tronicke J., Dietrich P., Appel E., 2002: Qualitiy improvement of crosshole georadar tomography: pre- and post-inversion data analysis strategies. European J. Environm. Engin. Geophysics, 7, 59-73.

Schill E., Appel E., Gautam P., Dietrich P., 2002: Thermo-tectonic history of the Tethyan Himalayas deduced from palaeomagnetic record of metacarbonates from Shiar Khola (central Nepal). J. Asian Earth Sci., 20, 203-210.

Schill E., Appel E., Gautam P., 2002: Towards pyrrhotite/magnetite geothermometry in low-grade metamorphic carbonates of the Tethyan Himalayas (Shiar Khola, central Nepal). J. Asian Earth Sci., 20, 195-201.

Knab M., Appel E., Hoffmann V., 2001: Separation of the anthropogenic portion of heavy metal contents along a highway by means of magnetic susceptibility and fuzzy c-means cluster analysis. European J. Environm. Engin. Geophysics, 6, 125-140.

Crouzet C., Stang H., Appel E., Schill E., Gautam P., 2001: Detailed analysis of successive pTRMs carried by pyrrhotite in Himalayan metacarbonates: an example from Hidden Valley, central Nepal. Geophys. J. Int., 146/3, 607-618.

Schill E., Appel E., Zeh O., Singh V.K., Gautam P., 2001: Coupling of late-orogenic tectonics and secondary pyrrhotite remanences: towards a separation of different rotation processes and quantification of rotational underthrusting in the western Himalayas (N-India). Tectonophysics, 337/1-2, 1-21.

Koessler P., Erbacher J., Appel E., 2001: Magnetic records of climatic cycles from Mid-Cretaceous hemipelagic sediments of the Vocontian basin (SE France). Cretaceous Res., 22, 321-331.

Tronicke J., Tweeton D.R., Dietrich P., Appel E., 2001: Improved crosshole radar tomography by using direct and reflected arrival times. J. Applied Geophysics, 47/2, 15-24

Waldhoer M., Appel E., Frisch W., Patzelt A., 2001: Palaeomagnetic investigations in the Pamirs. J. Asian Earth Sci., 19/4, 429-451.

Terhorst B., Appel E., Werner A., 2001: Palaeopedological and magnetic susceptibility of a Loess-Palaeosol sequence in South West Germany. Quaternary Int., 76-77, 231-240.

Neugebauer J., Greiner B., Appel E., 2001: Kinematics of the Alpine-W-Carpathian orogen and palaeogeographic implications. J. Geol. Soc. London, 158, 97-110.

Hu S., Wang S., Appel E., Ji L., 2000: Environmental mechanism of magnetic susceptibility changes of lacustrine sediments form Lake Hulun, China. Science in China, 28(4), 334-339.

Diallo M., Appel E., 2000: Acoustic waves propagation in saturated porous media: reformulation of the Biot / Squirt Flow (BISQ) theory. J. Applied Geophysics, 44(4), 313-325.

Hu S., Appel E., Wang S., 1999: A magnetic study on lacustrine sediments from Zoige basin, eastern Tibetan Plateau, China: Magnetostratigraphy and environmental implications. Phys. Chem. Earth. A, 24 (9), 811-816.

Wang S., Hu S., Appel E., Ma X., Hoffmann V., Sun Z., Yang X.D., Ma Y., Pan H., 1999: Incursion of sea water into Gucheng Lake detected by magnetic, biologic and chemical data. Phys. Chem. Earth. A, 24 (9), 805-809.

Hoffmann V., Knab M., Appel E., 1999: Magnetic Susceptibility Mapping of Roadside Pollution. J. Geochem. Expl., 66, 313-326.

[25] UP

Mayer H., Appel E., 1999: Milankovitch cyclicity and rock-magnetic signatures of palaeoclimatic change in the Early Cretaceous Biancone Formation of the southern Alps (Italy). Cretaceous Res., 20, 189-214.

Schill E., Appel E., Gautam P., Singh S.K., 1998: Preliminary palaeomagnetic results of medium grade carbonates from the Lesser Himalaya. J. Nepal Geol. Soc., 18, 205-215.

Appel E., Li H., Patzelt A., Wang J., 1998: Palaeomagnetic results from Late Cretaceous and Early Tertiary Limestones from the Tingri Area in southern Tibet. J. Nepal Geol. Soc., 18, 113-124.

Rösler W., Appel E:, 1998: Fidelity and time resolution of the magnetostratigraphic record in Siwalik sediments: High resolution study of a complete polarity transition and evidence for cryptochrons in a Miocene fluviatile section. Geophys. J. Int., 135, 861-875.

Hu S., Wang S., Appel E., 1998: Remanence acquisition and alteration in lake sediments. Chinese Sci. Bull., 43(17), 1421-1434.

Hu S., Appel E., Hoffmann V., Schmahl W., Wang S., 1998: Gyromagnetic remanence acquired by greigite (Fe3S4) during static three-axis AF demagnetization. Geophys. J. Int., 134, 831-842.

Appel E., Wilhelm J., Waldhör M., 1997: Archaeological prospection of wall remains using geoelectrical methods and GPR. Archaeological Prospection, 4, 219-229.

Rösler W., Metzler W., Appel E: 1997: Neogene magnetic polarity stratigraphy of some Siwalik sections, Nepal. Geophys. J. Int., 130, 89-111.

Patzelt A., Li Huamei, Wang Junda, Appel E, 1996: Palaeomagnetism of Cretaceous to Tertiary sediments from southern Tibet: evidence for the extent of the northern margin of India prior to the collision with Eurasia. Tectonophysics, 259, 259-284.

Appel E., Patzelt A., Chouker C., 1995: Secondary palaeoremanence of Tethyan sediments from the Zanskar Range (NW-Himalaya). Geophys. J. Int., 122, 227-242.

Michel G., Waldhör M, Neugebauer J., Appel E., 1995: Sequential rotation of stretching axes, a result of block rotation ? A structural and paleomagnetic study along the North Anatolian Fault. Tectonophysics, 243, 97-118.

Gautam P., Appel E., 1994: Magnetic polarity stratigraphy of Siwalik group sediments of Tinau Khola section in west central Nepal, revisited. Geophys. J. Int., 117, 224-234.

Appel E., Rösler W., Corvinus G., 1994: Magnetic polarity stratigraphy of the Neogene Surai Khola section. In Kumar R., Ghosh S.K., Phadtare N.R. (edts.): Siwalik Foreland Basin of Himalaya. Himalayan Geol., 15, 63-68.

Ratschbacher L., Appel E., 1993: Comment on "Paleomagnetic study of Eocene Quxu pluton of the Gangdese belt: crustal deformation along the Indus-Zangpo suture zone in southern Tibet" by Y. Otofuji et al.. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 115, 287-294.

Appel E., Rösler W., Corvinus G., 1991: Magnetostratigraphy of the Miocene-Pleistocene Surai Khola Siwaliks in West-Nepal. Geophys. J. Int., 105, 191-198.

Appel E., Müller R., Widder R., 1991: Palaeomagnetic results from the Tibetan Sedimentary Series of the Manang area (north central Nepal). Geophys. J. Int., 104, 255-266.

Soffel H.C., Aumüller C., Hoffmann V., Appel E., 1990: Three-dimensional domain observations of magnetite and titanomagnetites usin dried colloid SEM method. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 65, 43-53.

Appel E., Hoffmann, Soffel H.C., 1990: Magneto-optical Kerr-effect in (titano)magnetite, pyrrhotite and hematite. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 65, 36-42.

Hoffmann V., Soffel H.C., Appel E., 1990: Quantitative magneto-optical Kerr-effect on titano-magnetites. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 65, 28-35.

Hoffmann V., Schäfer R., Appel E., Hubert A., Soffel H.C., 1987: First domain observations with the magneto-opical Kerr effect on Ti-rich Ti-ferrites in rocks and their synthetic equivalents. J. Magn. Magn. Mat., 71, 90-94.

Appel E., 1987: Stress anisotropy in Ti-rich titanomagnetites. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 46, 233-240.

Appel E., Soffel H.C., 1985: Domain state of Ti-rich titanomagnetites deduced from domain structure observations and susceptibility measurements. J. Geophys., 56, 121-132.

Appel E., Soffel H.C., 1984: Model for the domain state of Ti-rich titanomagnetites. Geophys. Res. Lett., 3, 189-192.

Soffel H.C., Deutsch E., Appel E., Eisenach P., Petersen N., 1982: The domain structure of stoichiometric TM10-TM75 and Al-, Mg-, Mn- and V-doped TM62 titanomagnetites. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 30, 336-346.

Soffel H.C., Appel E., 1982: Domain structure of small synthetic titanomagnetite particles and experiments with IRM and TRM. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 30, 348-355.