The third SIEF International Summer School aims to explore the triangle composed of tradition, explored as an open and progressively constructed concept, identity, as a grassroots need or rhetorical construct, self-legitimating and aiming to enact difference, and heritage policies, with their contrasting demands of safeguarding and valorization of diversity versus control of the “product”. It will focus on heritage policies as strategies for the promotion of traditions in relation to the dynamics of identity and to the challenge posed by the touristic gaze.