With your doctorate you have reached an important milestone in your academic life. However, you are now once again faced with important decisions in your professional career. If you decide to pursue an academic career towards a university professorship, the doctorate is usually followed by the postdoctoral phase. In this phase, you can choose different paths for your later academic career. Most academic positions at universities and non-university research institutions are temporary, either as a qualification position (e.g. habilitation or junior professorship) or as a project position (e.g. in a third-party funded project or as a junior research group leader).